What is cross-contamination?

Cross-contamination refers specifically to the transfer of harmful microorganisms from one food item to another, making it a critical concept in food safety. This process can occur through various means, such as using the same cutting board for raw meat and vegetables without proper cleaning in between, or by using utensils that have come into contact with contaminated food. Understanding cross-contamination is vital because it directly relates to preventing foodborne illnesses.

The other choices, while related to food safety, describe different issues. The mixing of raw and cooked foods can certainly lead to safety hazards, but it is a scenario that may contribute to cross-contamination rather than defining it. A method of cooking food does not apply, as cooking is a separate process that can actually eliminate harmful microorganisms if done properly. Lastly, improper cleaning of kitchen tools could facilitate cross-contamination, but it is also distinct from the definition itself. Thus, focusing on the direct transfer of harmful microorganisms establishes a clear understanding of what cross-contamination truly is.